Education in Guatemala

In May 1982, the Guatemalan government first extended formal recognition
of the BCOIA as an educational entity and in October 1984 it authorized
the Organization to establish a local office in Guatemala and function
as an international mission. Dr. MacVean was appointed by the BCOIA
Board as its local representative for the mission.
The formal “acta” (Acuerdo Gubernativo #1298-85 and
Decreto Ley #136-85) recognizing BCOIA, which was published in the
Diario Centro America, the official gazette of the Government. Among
the most significant goals were: 1) To create scholarships for university
professors in the areas of science and education; 2) to promote
an exchange program among private and public order to encourage
the creation of exchange programs among private and public institutions;
3) to assign BCOIA personnel to assist national educational institutions
at their requests; 3) to obtain courtesy visas extended by the Ministry
of Foreign Relations for the visiting educators.
From 1984 until 2002, the BCOIA, working with International School
Services, limited its activities to the appointment of Bucks County
Fellows to teach or engage in research at the Universidad del Valle
and the Universidad de San Carlos.
By the beginning of 2002 BCOIA began to expand its activities in
Guatemala. It extended its relationship with UVG by incorporating
the United States and other foreign teachers at the American School
of Guatemala into it program. In 2004, BCOIA also began providing
the same services to the Fundacion Educativo de Guatemala and its
school, the Colegio Interamericano de la Montana, which has a substantial
staff of foreign teachers. Soon afterward, the Universidad del Valle
began requesting teaching staff for its satellite schools in the
highlands (UVG-Altiplano) and the south coast (Proesur-Colegio Americano
del Sur) as well as scientists and researchers for special programs
in the area of health carried out by its Research Institute and
the Communicable Disease Center.
From a small beginning of about ten university fellows, the BCOIA
professional staff in Guatemala now includes teaching fellows, elementary
and high school teachers, school administrators, school librarians,
directors of development and public relations, physicians, health
educators and scientists. Since the American School of Guatemala,
the Colegio Interamericano, and the Colegio Americano del Sur are
accredited by US agencies (the New England Association for ASG and
CAS and the Southern Association for Interamericano), the relationship
with BCOIA has benefited the schools by helping them to meet strict
standards related to the number of certified teachers.
In 2003, Dr. MacVean retired and was replaced as local representative
by Mrs. Barbara Barillas, who had been on the staff of the American
School for many years. As a result of expanding and improving the
attention and services provided to the Guatemalan institutions,
the Board became more active. The traditional annual fall Board
Meeting was considered insufficient for the transaction of all its
business.
BCOIA visits to Guatemala
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Education Statistics
- The Guatemalan government spends roughly 3% of it GDP on education
- The illiteracy rate* of all Guatemalan aged 15+ is almost 30%
- Primary schooling is for children age 7 to 12 (grades 1-6)
- Secondary schooling is for youths aged 13-20 (grades 7-12)
- Only 30% of rural, indigenous students complete the third grade,
due in part to poor instructor preparation and lack of resources
- Two thirds of Maya first graders are taught by instructors who
neither understand nor speak the children's maternal languages
- For indigenous children who enter school in the 1st grade, approximately
76% drop out before completing primary school (finishing the 6th
grade) and this is exacerbated by poor health conditions, malnutrition
and child labor, as children work to contribute to the household
- Of the indigenous students who received and graduated from the
6th grade, less than 30% of those students (3 out of every 10
students) in the region continue on to complete secondary school
(grades 7-12)
- Indigenous Guatemalan females are less likely to be enrolled
into the educational system at the compulsory age of seven and
if they are, they make up only 39% of the total group of indigenous
children enrolled in school
* Illiteracy is defined as Guatemalans age 15 and over who
cannot read and write.
Statistical Sources:
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2007
Hallman, Kelly; Peracca, Sara; Catino, Jennifer; Ruiz, Marta Julia,
Causes of low educational attainment in Guatemala: Ethnicity,
gender or poverty?, Dec. 6, 2005
World Development Database
USAID/ Guatemala Increasing Education Access, Quality, and Equity
in Guatemala 1999-2004
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